Q: Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) may be a complication of which surgery?

Answer:   Complication of Liver transplant surgery

This complication is distinct from other causes of central pontine myelinolysis like 

• chronic alcoholism
• Malnourishment
• rapid correction of hyponatremia 
• occasionally after rapid correction of hypernatremia.
• Wlison's disease
• Burn patients (with a prolonged period of serum hyperosmolality)

References:

Singh N, Yu VL, Gayowski T. Central nervous system lesions in adult liver transplant recipients: clinical review with implications for management. Medicine (Baltimore). Mar 1994;73(2):110-8.

Adams RD, Victor M, Mancall EL. Central pontine myelinolysis: a hitherto undescribed disease occurring in alcoholic and malnourished patients. AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry. Feb 1959;81(2):154-72. 

Kumar S, Fowler M, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Jaffe SL. Central pontine myelinolysis, an update. Neurol Res. Apr 2006;28(3):360-6.