Q: What are the three levels of BPF (Broncho-pleural Fistula)?

Answer: 

The severity of the air leak is generally measured into 3 levels from least to most severe:

●Bubbling during inspiration only
●Bubbling during both inspiration and expiration
●Bubbling during both inspiration and expiration, as well as a detectable difference in the inspired and expired tidal volumes

The last category suggests that there is an air leak greater than 100 to 150 mL per breath.