Q: Which one group of antibiotics (other than Vancomycin) has shown to increase the risk of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE)?

Answer: Cephalosporin

Use of Cephalosporin has been found to increase the risk for colonization and infection by VRE. Restriction of cephalosporin usage has shown to be associated with decreased VRE infection and transmission in hospitals.

Reference:

Chavers, LS.; Moser, SA.; Benjamin, WH.; Banks, SE.; Steinhauer, JR.; Smith, AM.; Johnson, CN.; Funkhouser, E. et al. (Mar 2003). "Vancomycin-resistant enterococci: 15 years and counting". J Hosp Infect 53 (3): 159–71.