"Rebound" COVID-19 after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment

"Rebound" COVID-19 after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment 

A course of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir (Paxlovid) has become a standard of care in the United States for COVID-19 patients, particularly those who stay outside the hospital and have moderate or are at high risk of severe symptoms. Initial data shows that it decreases hospitalization. 

In some patients, "rebound" COVID-19 has been reported with positive rapid antigen testing. Symptoms may recur too. The median time of recurrence of symptoms is 9 days. Re-treatment is not needed, but isolation is required.

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References:

1. Ranganath N, O'Horo JC, Challener DW, et al. Rebound Phenomenon after Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Treatment of Coronavirus Disease-2019 in High-Risk Persons. Clin Infect Dis 2022.

2. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA updates on Paxlovid for health care providers. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/fda-updates-paxlovid-health-care-providers (Accessed on August 20, 2022).

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment. Available at: https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2022/han00467.asp (Accessed on August 20, 2022).