A) Increases the level of Antithrombin iii (AT-3)
B) Reduces the level of Antithrombin iii (AT-3)
Answer: B
AT-3 deficiency can be either hereditary or acquired. There are many clinical situations which reduce the level of AT-3 and consequently make it hard for effective anticoagulation with heparin. Some of such important clinical scenarios are:
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- Acute thrombosis
- Cirrhosis
- Nephrotic syndromes
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- Hemodialysis
- Trauma
- Preeclampsia and eclampsia
#hematology
References:
1. Mammen EF. Antithrombin: its physiological importance and role in DIC. Semin Thromb Hemost 1998; 24:19.
2. Raya-Sánchez JM, González-Reimers E, Rodríguez-Martín JM, et al. Coagulation inhibitors in alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Alcohol 1998; 15:19.
3. Kauffmann RH, Veltkamp JJ, Van Tilburg NH, Van Es LA. Acquired antithrombin III deficiency and thrombosis in the nephrotic syndrome. Am J Med 1978; 65:607.
4. Alegre A, Vicente V, Gonzalez R, Alberca I. Effect of hemodialysis on protein C levels. Nephron 1987; 46:386.
5. Weenink GH, Treffers PE, Vijn P, et al. Antithrombin III levels in preeclampsia correlate with maternal and fetal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 148:1092.
2. Raya-Sánchez JM, González-Reimers E, Rodríguez-Martín JM, et al. Coagulation inhibitors in alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Alcohol 1998; 15:19.
3. Kauffmann RH, Veltkamp JJ, Van Tilburg NH, Van Es LA. Acquired antithrombin III deficiency and thrombosis in the nephrotic syndrome. Am J Med 1978; 65:607.
4. Alegre A, Vicente V, Gonzalez R, Alberca I. Effect of hemodialysis on protein C levels. Nephron 1987; 46:386.
5. Weenink GH, Treffers PE, Vijn P, et al. Antithrombin III levels in preeclampsia correlate with maternal and fetal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 148:1092.
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