HIV meds

 Q: What are the six steps of life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and what is its clinical significance? 

Answer: These are the six steps of HIV life cycle: 

1. Entry consisting of binding and fusion 
2. Reverse transcription 
3. Integration 
4. Replication consists of transcription and translation 
5. Assembly 
6. Budding and maturation 

Clinically it is significant to know as different HIV meds act at different steps 

• Entry – maraviroc, enfuvirtide, and fostemsavir 
• Reverse transcription – Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) 
• Integration – Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) 
• Replication – None so far 
• Assembly – None so far 
• Budding and maturation – Protease inhibitors

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References:

1. Bhatti AB, Usman M, Kandi V. Current Scenario of HIV/AIDS, Treatment Options, and Major Challenges with Compliance to Antiretroviral Therapy. Cureus. 2016;8(3):e515. Published 2016 Mar 1. doi:10.7759/cureus.515 

2. Kemnic TR, Gulick PG. HIV Antiretroviral Therapy. [Updated 2020 Jun 23]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513308/