Q: Proteinuria is the earliest feature of so far undiagnosed autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)?
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Unlike other major causes of renal failure, proteinuria is not a remarkable feature of ADPKD. It occurs late in the course. If nephrotic syndrome type picture emerges in a patient with ADPKD, it signifies a superimposed glomerular disease.
ADPKD occurs slow and major signs and symptoms (S/S) include progressive enlargement of the renal cysts. In fact, measured total kidney volume is considered the strongest predictor of the impending renal failure. Other S/S may be hypertension, frequent urinary tract infections, gross hematuria, kidney stones, and acute and/or chronic flank/abdominal pain.
#nephrology
References:
1. Chapman AB, Bost JE, Torres VE, et al. Kidney volume and functional outcomes in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7:479.
2. Chapman AB, Johnson AM, Gabow PA, Schrier RW. Overt proteinuria and microalbuminuria in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 1994; 5:1349.
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