Q: What is hamburger thyroiditis?
Answer: The terms hamburger thyroiditis or hamburger hyperthyroidism became popular after community outbreaks of thyrotoxicosis. This interesting form of thyrotoxicosis occurs when thyroid tissue is ingested while eating a hamburger prepared with meat from the neck. If thyroid tissue gets inadvertently removed and ground up with neck muscle in slaughterhouses, it may cause thyrotoxicosis. It is usually a transient form of hypothyroidism, and mimics painless thyroiditis. Interestingly, case reports have described after ingestion of beef or sausage.
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References:
1. Hedberg CW, Fishbein DB, Janssen RS, et al. An outbreak of thyrotoxicosis caused by the consumption of bovine thyroid gland in ground beef. N Engl J Med 1987; 316:993.
2. Kinney JS, Hurwitz ES, Fishbein DB, et al. Community outbreak of thyrotoxicosis: epidemiology, immunogenetic characteristics, and long-term outcome. Am J Med 1988; 84:10.
3. Hendriks LE, Looij BJ. Hyperthyroidism caused by excessive consumption of sausages. Neth J Med 2010; 68:135.
4. Parmar MS, Sturge C. Recurrent hamburger thyrotoxicosis. CMAJ 2003; 169:415.
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