Nijmegen score

Q: 24 years old male who had a documented diagnosis of long-COVID is admitted to ICU with chest pain and respiratory distress. After his workup, he has been diagnosed with hуреrvеոtilаtiоո syndrome. Clinicians used Nijmegen score to diagnose hуреrvеոtilаtiоո syndrome. All of the following are part of this score EXCEPT? - select one

A) Chest pain

B) Blurred vision

C) Constipation

D) Shortness of breath

E) Unable to breathe deeply

Answer: C

Although hуреrvеոtilаtiоո syndrome remained a controversial clinical etiology, many patients after COVID-19, particularly those who acquired long-COVID, are presenting with such symptoms. Nijmegen score (invented before the COVID pandemic) is used along with hуреrvеոtilation challenge and cardiopulmonary ехеrϲisе testing to establish the diagnosis of hуреrvеոtilаtiоո syndrome. The following are the components of the Nijmegen score. Each element can be graded from 0 to 4. A score above 23 suggests a positive diagnosis of hyperventilation syndrome. 

• Chest pain
• Feeling tense
• Blurred vision
• Dizzy spells
• Feeling confused
• Faster or deeper breathing
• Short of breath
• Tight feelings in chest
• Bloated feeling in stomach
• Tingling fingers
• Unable to breathe deeply
• Stiff fingers or arms
• Tight feelings around mouth
• Cold hands or feet
• Palpitations
• Feeling of anxiety 

#pulmonary

#COVID

References:

1. van Dixhoorn J, Folgering H. The Nijmegen Questionnaire and dysfunctional breathing. ERJ Open Res 2015; 1.

2. Taverne J, Salvator H, Leboulch C, et al. High incidence of hyperventilation syndrome after COVID-19. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:3918.